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Compare Martinique (2001) - Indian Ocean (2005)

Compare Martinique (2001) z Indian Ocean (2005)

 Martinique (2001)Indian Ocean (2005)
 MartiniqueIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
23.1% (male 49,016; female 47,653)

15-64 years:
66.77% (male 139,106; female 140,291)

65 years and over:
10.13% (male 18,893; female 23,495) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane -
Airports 2 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
1,100 sq km

land:
1,060 sq km

water:
40 sq km		 total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Flores Sea, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Java Sea, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Savu Sea, Strait of Malacca, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 15.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$900 million

expenditures:
$2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)		 -
Capital Fort-de-France -
Climate tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 350 km 66,526 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) -
Country name conventional long form:
Department of Martinique

conventional short form:
Martinique

local long form:
Departement de la Martinique

local short form:
Martinique		 -
Currency French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 6.39 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $180 million (1994) -
Dependency status overseas department of France -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $NA; note - substantial annual aid from France -
Economy - overview The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. The majority of the work force is employed in the service sector and in administration. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 1.023 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 1.1 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Montagne Pelee 1,397 m		 lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues NA endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Ethnic groups African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5% -
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) -
Executive branch chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Jean-Francois CORDET (since NA)

head of government:
President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils		 -
Exports $250 million (f.o.b., 1997) -
Exports - commodities refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples -
Exports - partners France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (1997) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions -
GDP purchasing power parity - $4.39 billion (1997 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
6%

industry:
11%

services:
83% (1997 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1997 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 14 40 N, 61 00 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note - major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total:
2,105 km (2000)

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe -
Imports $2 billion (c.i.f., 1997) -
Imports - commodities petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods -
Imports - partners France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (1997) -
Independence none (overseas department of France) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism -
Infant mortality rate 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.9% (1990) -
International organization participation FZ, WCL, WFTU -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 40 sq km (1993 est.) -
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel -
Labor force 170,000 (1997) -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997) -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
8%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
17%

forests and woodland:
44%

other:
23% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages French, Creole patois -
Legal system French legal system -
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 15 March 1998 (next to be held by March 2004)

election results:
General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR-UDF 14, MIM 13, PPM 7, left parties 4, PMS 3

note:
Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1998 (next to be held September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 2, PS 1, independent 1		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.41 years

male:
79.11 years

female:
77.69 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
93%

male:
92%

female:
93% (1982 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Political Map of the World
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France -
Military branches French forces (Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie -
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) -
Nationality noun:
Martiniquais (singular and plural)

adjective:
Martiniquais		 -
Natural hazards hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years) occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Camille DARSIERES]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Union for French Democracy or UDF (replaced by Martinique Forces of Progress) [Jean MAREN] -
Political pressure groups and leaders Association for the Protection of Martinique's Heritage (ecologist) [Garcin MALSA]; Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES] -
Population 418,454 (July 2001 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.93% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Fort-de-France, La Trinite Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 82,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 5% -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.02 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.8 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
domestic facilities are adequate

domestic:
NA

international:
microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 170,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 15,000 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 27.2% (1998) -
Waterways none -
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